Case Report

A case report of untreatable HIV infection in Harare, Zimbabwe

Cleophas Chimbetete, Linda Chirimuta, Margaret Pascoe, Olivia Keiser
Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine | Vol 20, No 1 | a885 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v20i1.885 | © 2019 Cleophas Chimbetete, Linda Chirimuta, Margaret Pascoe, Olivia Keiser | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 16 July 2018 | Published: 27 June 2019

About the author(s)

Cleophas Chimbetete, Institute of Global Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; and, Newlands Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe
Linda Chirimuta, Newlands Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe
Margaret Pascoe, Newlands Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe
Olivia Keiser, Institute of Global Health, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Abstract

Introduction: Zimbabwe, like other resource limited countries, manages HIV infection using the public health approach with standard antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens for first, second and third-line treatment. Third-line ART is the last available treatment option and is based on dolutegravir and darunavir use after HIV drug resistance testing.

Patient Presentation: We report here a 17-year-old patient on dolutegravir (DTG) and Darunavir based third-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) previously exposed to raltegravir who develops multidrug resistance HIV to the four ART classes available in Zimbabwe.

Management and Outcome: A trophism assay revealed that patient has CXCR4 trophic virus and hence will not benefit from Maraviroc. Patient is currently stable and receiving a holding regimen of abacavir, lamivudine and lamivudine.

Conclusion: This is the first documented case of multiclass resistance to the four available ART classes in Zimbabwe. The development and transmission of multiclass HIV drug resistance in resource limited settings has potential to undo the gains of national ART programs. There is need to ensure optimum adherence to ART even in the era of DTG.


Keywords

Dolutegravir; Resistance; Untreatable HIV; Zimbabwe; ART programmes

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Crossref Citations

1. Pan-resistant HIV-1: what's next?
Raph L Hamers, Seth C Inzaule
The Lancet Microbe  vol: 1  issue: 3  first page: e97  year: 2020  
doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30058-6