Guideline

Guidelines for antiretroviral therapy in adults

G Meintjes, G Maartens, On behalf of the Southern African HIV Clinicians Society
Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine | Vol 13, No 3 | a125 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v13i3.125 | © 2012 G Meintjes, G Maartens, On behalf of the Southern African HIV Clinicians Society | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 15 December 2012 | Published: 16 August 2012

About the author(s)

G Meintjes, Southern African HIV Clinicians Society
G Maartens, Southern African HIV Clinicians Society
On behalf of the Southern African HIV Clinicians Society,

Abstract

These guidelines are intended as an update to those published in the Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine in January 2008. Since the release of the previous guidelines, the scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Southern Africa has continued to grow. Cohort studies from the region show excellent clinical outcomes; however, ART is still being started late (in advanced disease), resulting in relatively high early mortality rates. New data on antiretroviral (ARV) tolerability in the region and several new ARV drugs have become available. Although currently few in number, some patients in the region are failing protease inhibitor (PI)-based second-line regimens. To address this, guidelines on third-line (or ‘salvage’) therapy have been expanded.

Keywords

HIV; AIDS; antiretrovirals; guidelines

Metrics

Total abstract views: 6649
Total article views: 11580

 

Crossref Citations

1. Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors and HIV are Associated With Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Adults From Sub‐Saharan Africa: Findings From H3Africa AWI‐Gen Study
Engelbert A. Nonterah, Palwende R. Boua, Kerstin Klipstein‐Grobusch, Gershim Asiki, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Godfred Agongo, Stuart A. Ali, Felistas Mashinya, Herman Sorgho, Seydou Nakanabo‐Diallo, Cornelius Debpuur, Catherine Kyobutungi, Marianne Alberts, Shane Norris, Stephen Tollman, Halidou Tinto, Cassandra C. Soo, Freedom Mukomana, Scott Hazelhurst, Alisha N. Wade, Kathleen Kahn, Abraham R. Oduro, Diederick E. Grobbee, Osman Sankoh, Michèle Ramsay, Michiel L. Bots, Nigel J. Crowther, Zane Lombard, Frances Xavier Gómez‐Olivé Casas, Ryan Wagner, Ian Cook, Sam Ntuli, Christopher Khayeka‐Wandabwa, Tilahun Nigatu Haregu, Shukri F. Mohammed, Stella Muthuri, Toussaint Rouamba, Eric Fato, Immaculate Anati, Lucas Amega‐Etego, Nomses Baloyi, Juliana Kagura, Richard Munthali, Yusuf Guman, Ananyo Choudhury
Journal of the American Heart Association  vol: 8  issue: 14  year: 2019  
doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.011506

2.

Immunological Response During HAART and Determinants of Current CD4+ T-Cell Count Among HIV/AIDS Patients Attending University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia


Gizachew Ayele Manaye, Dejene Derseh Abateneh, Kindie Mitiku Kebede, Alemayehu Sayih Belay
HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care  vol: Volume 12  first page: 295  year: 2020  
doi: 10.2147/HIV.S255751

3. Burkitt’s Lymphoma and B-Cell Lymphoma Unclassifiable With Features Intermediate Between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Burkitt’s Lymphoma in Patients With HIV: Outcomes in a South African Public Hospital
Gerhard Sissolak, Matthew Seftel, Thomas S. Uldrick, Tonya M. Esterhuizen, Nooroudien Mohamed, Danie Kotze
Journal of Global Oncology  vol: 3  issue: 3  first page: 218  year: 2017  
doi: 10.1200/JGO.2015.002378

4. Prediction of the exposure to a 400-mg daily dose of efavirenz in pregnancy: is this dose adequate in extensive metabolisers of CYP2B6?
Manoranjenni Chetty, Michael P. Danckwerts, Andrea Julsing
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology  vol: 76  issue: 8  first page: 1143  year: 2020  
doi: 10.1007/s00228-020-02890-4

5. An Exploratory Model to Illustrate the Interrelationship Between HIV, Disability, and Caregiving in Southern Africa
Jill Hanass-Hancock, Marisa Casale
Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care  vol: 25  issue: 4  first page: 351  year: 2014  
doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2013.10.001

6. A Point-of-Care Paper-based Fingerstick Transaminase Test: Toward Low-cost “Lab-on-a-Chip” Technology for the Developing World
Nira R. Pollock, Donn Colby, Jason P. Rolland
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology  vol: 11  issue: 5  first page: 478  year: 2013  
doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.02.022

7. The Prevalence of HIV Load Suppression and Related Factors Among Patients on ART at Phedisong 4 Clinic, Pretoria, South Africa
N.J. Mogosetsi, L.H. Mabuza, G.A. Ogunbanjo
The Open Public Health Journal  vol: 11  issue: 1  first page: 135  year: 2018  
doi: 10.2174/1874944501811010135

8. Time to ART Initiation among Patients Treated for Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in Khayelitsha, South Africa: Impact on Mortality and Treatment Success
Johnny Flippie Daniels, Mohammed Khogali, Erika Mohr, Vivian Cox, Sizulu Moyo, Mary Edginton, Sven Gudmund Hinderaker, Graeme Meintjes, Jennifer Hughes, Virginia De Azevedo, Gilles van Cutsem, Helen Suzanne Cox, Pierre Roques
PLOS ONE  vol: 10  issue: 11  first page: e0142873  year: 2015  
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142873

9. Projected population-wide impact of antiretroviral therapy-linked isoniazid preventive therapy in a high-burden setting
Emily A. Kendall, Andrew S. Azman, Gary Maartens, Andrew Boulle, Robert J. Wilkinson, David W. Dowdy, Molebogeng X. Rangaka
AIDS  vol: 33  issue: 3  first page: 525  year: 2019  
doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002053

10. Lived experience of people on anti-retro viral therapy in the context of covid-19: A phenomenological study
Tadele Derbew Kassie, Yosef Wasihun, Abiot Aschale, Fentie Ambaw, Boshra Ismael Ahmed Arnout
PLOS ONE  vol: 18  issue: 11  first page: e0286292  year: 2023  
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286292

11. Patient Transfers and Their Impact on Gaps in Clinical Care: Differences by Gender in a Large Cohort of Adults Living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa
Angela M. Bengtson, Ana Lucia Espinosa Dice, Kipruto Kirwa, Morna Cornell, Christopher J. Colvin, Mark N. Lurie
AIDS and Behavior  vol: 25  issue: 10  first page: 3337  year: 2021  
doi: 10.1007/s10461-021-03191-2

12. Understanding Treatment Refusal Among Adults Presenting for HIV-Testing in Soweto, South Africa: A Qualitative Study
Ingrid T. Katz, Janan Dietrich, Gugu Tshabalala, Thandekile Essien, Kathryn Rough, Alexi A. Wright, David R. Bangsberg, Glenda E. Gray, Norma C. Ware
AIDS and Behavior  vol: 19  issue: 4  first page: 704  year: 2015  
doi: 10.1007/s10461-014-0920-y

13. Perspectives on ART adherence among Zambian adults living with HIV: insights raised using HIV-related disability frameworks
Jill Hanass-Hancock, Virginia Bond, Patricia Solomon, Cathy Cameron, Margaret Maimbolwa, Anitha Menon, Stephanie Nixon
AIDS Care  vol: 32  issue: 5  first page: 623  year: 2020  
doi: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1653441

14. The need for a Rehabilitation Model to address the disparities of public healthcare for people living with HIV in South Africa
Verusia Chetty, Jill Hanass-Hancock
African Journal of Disability  vol: 4  issue: 1  year: 2015  
doi: 10.4102/ajod.v4i1.137

15. Disability and Living with HIV: Baseline from a Cohort of People on Long Term ART in South Africa
Jill Hanass-Hancock, Hellen Myezwa, Bradley Carpenter, Scarlett L. Bellamy
PLOS ONE  vol: 10  issue: 12  first page: e0143936  year: 2015  
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143936

16. HIV-Related Disability in HIV Hyper-Endemic Countries: A Scoping Review
Jill Hanass-Hancock, Ilaria Regondi, Leonie van Egeraat, Stephanie Nixon
World Journal of AIDS  vol: 03  issue: 03  first page: 257  year: 2013  
doi: 10.4236/wja.2013.33034

17. Reducing CD4 Monitoring in Children on Antiretroviral Therapy With Virologic Suppression
Mary-Ann Davies, Nathan Ford, Helena Rabie, Geoffrey Fatti, Kathryn Stinson, Janet Giddy, Frank Tanser, Karl-Günter Technau, Shobna Sawry, Brian Eley, Robin Wood, Lynne M. Mofenson, Olivia Keiser, Andrew Boulle
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal  vol: 34  issue: 12  first page: 1361  year: 2015  
doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000912

18. APOL1 Risk Variants Are Strongly Associated with HIV-Associated Nephropathy in Black South Africans
Alex N. Kasembeli, Raquel Duarte, Michèle Ramsay, Pulane Mosiane, Caroline Dickens, Thérèse Dix-Peek, Sophie Limou, Efe Sezgin, George W. Nelson, Agnes B. Fogo, Stewart Goetsch, Jeffrey B. Kopp, Cheryl A. Winkler, Saraladevi Naicker
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology  vol: 26  issue: 11  first page: 2882  year: 2015  
doi: 10.1681/ASN.2014050469

19. The effect of antiretroviral therapy on fine‐needle aspiration of salivary gland masses in HIV‐infected patients
Amanda Ama Coleman‐Eghan, Pamela Michelow
Diagnostic Cytopathology  vol: 48  issue: 12  first page: 1217  year: 2020  
doi: 10.1002/dc.24546

20. Transfer of Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy Attending Primary Health Care Services in South Africa
Jasantha Odayar, Benjamin H. Chi, Tamsin K. Phillips, Elton Mukonda, Nei-Yuan Hsiao, Maia Lesosky, Landon Myer
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes  vol: 90  issue: 3  first page: 309  year: 2022  
doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002950

21. Correlates and cascade of HIV care in patients with psychiatric disorders in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa
Adila Aboobaker, Zukiswa Zingela, Oladele V. Adeniyi
South African Journal of Psychiatry  vol: 28  year: 2022  
doi: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v28i0.1753

22. South African Health Care Inequalities and the Perpetuation of HIV/AIDS
Hassan Ahmad
SSRN Electronic Journal  year: 2011  
doi: 10.2139/ssrn.1839045

23. In vitro anti-HIV-1 activity of ethyl gallate
C. Muddu Krishna, J. N. Kolla, S. Asha, T. Sravan Kumar Reddy
VirusDisease  vol: 31  issue: 1  first page: 22  year: 2020  
doi: 10.1007/s13337-019-00562-1

24. An assessment of adverse drug reactions among HIV positive patients receiving antiretroviral treatment in South Africa
Lieketseng J Masenyetse, Samuel OM Manda, Henry G Mwambi
AIDS Research and Therapy  vol: 12  issue: 1  year: 2015  
doi: 10.1186/s12981-015-0044-0

25. Looking at antiretroviral adherence through a disability lens: a cross-sectional analysis of the intersection of disability, adherence, and health status
Bradley Shaun Carpenter, Jill Hanass-Hancock, Hellen Myezwa
Disability and Rehabilitation  vol: 42  issue: 6  first page: 806  year: 2020  
doi: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1510048

26. Treatment Outcomes in CML Patients Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors at a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in South Africa
Gerhard Sissolak, Jacques Badenhorst, Janami Steenkamp, Mark Heaney, Vernon Louw, Desmond Schnugh, Pascale Willem
Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia  vol: 15  issue: 12  first page: 803  year: 2015  
doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2015.09.006

27. “When I was no longer able to see and walk, that is when I was affected most”: experiences of disability in people living with HIV in South Africa
Jill Hanass-Hancock, Hellen Myezwa, Stephanie A. Nixon, Andrew Gibbs
Disability and Rehabilitation  vol: 37  issue: 22  first page: 2051  year: 2015  
doi: 10.3109/09638288.2014.993432

28. Abacavir Dosing in Neonates from Birth to 3 Months of Life
Adrie Bekker, Edmund V. Capparelli, Avy Violari, Mark F. Cotton, Mae Cababasay, Jiajia Wang, Ruth Mathiba, Lubbe Wiesner, Andrew Wiznia, Pearl Samson, Renee Browning, Jack Moye, Firdose Nakwa, Eric Decloedt, Helena Rabie, Mark Mirochnick, Tim Cressey
SSRN Electronic Journal   year: 2021  
doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3863320

29. Trends in CD4 and viral load testing 2005 to 2018: multi‐cohort study of people living with HIV in Southern Africa
Elizabeth Zaniewski, Cam H Dao Ostinelli, Frédérique Chammartin, Nicola Maxwell, Mary‐Ann Davies, Jonathan Euvrard, Janneke van Dijk, Samuel Bosomprah, Sam Phiri, Frank Tanser, Nosisa Sipambo, Josephine Muhairwe, Geoffrey Fatti, Hans Prozesky, Robin Wood, Nathan Ford, Matthew P Fox, Matthias Egger
Journal of the International AIDS Society  vol: 23  issue: 7  year: 2020  
doi: 10.1002/jia2.25546

30. Quantifying clinic transfers among people living with HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa: a retrospective spatial analysis
Ana Lucia Espinosa Dice, Angela M Bengtson, Kevin M Mwenda, Christopher J Colvin, Mark N Lurie
BMJ Open  vol: 11  issue: 12  first page: e055712  year: 2021  
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055712

31. The future role of CD4 cell count for monitoring antiretroviral therapy
Nathan Ford, Graeme Meintjes, Anton Pozniak, Helen Bygrave, Andrew Hill, Trevor Peter, Mary-Ann Davies, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Alexandra Calmy, N Kumarasamy, Praphan Phanuphak, Pierre deBeaudrap, Marco Vitoria, Meg Doherty, Wendy Stevens, George K Siberry
The Lancet Infectious Diseases  vol: 15  issue: 2  first page: 241  year: 2015  
doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70896-5

32. TB-IRIS: Proteomic analysis of in vitro PBMC responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and response modulation by dexamethasone
Liam Bell, Janique M. Peyper, Shaun Garnett, Rabecca Tadokera, Robert Wilkinson, Graeme Meintjes, Jonathan M. Blackburn
Experimental and Molecular Pathology  vol: 102  issue: 2  first page: 237  year: 2017  
doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2017.02.008